Visakhapatnam formerly known as Vizagapatam ] is the largest city and the proposed administrative capital of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.[14] It is also the most populated city of the state. It lies between the Eastern Ghats and the coast of the Bay of Bengal.[15][16] It is the second largest city in the east coast of India after Chennai and also the fourth largest city in South India. It is one of the four smart cities of Andhra Pradesh selected under Smart Cities Mission.[17] It also serves as the headquarters of Visakhapatnam district.[18] With an estimated output of $43.5 billion, the city is the ninth largest contributor to India’s overall Gross domestic product as of 2016.[19][20] In 2020, Visakhapatnam emerged as the finalist in the World Smart City Awards under Living and Inclusion category.[21]
Visakhapatnam’s history stretches back to the 6th century BCE, when it was considered a part of the Kalinga Kingdom, and later ruled by the Vengi, the Pallava and Eastern Ganga dynasties.[22] Archaeological records suggest that the present city was built around the 11th and 12th centuries with control over the city fluctuating between the Chola dynasty and the Gajapati Kingdom,[23][24] until its conquest by the Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century.
Visakhapatnam’s history stretches back to the 6th century B.C.E. and the city finds mention in ancient texts such as the 4th century B.C.E. writings of Pāṇini and Katyayana. Historically considered part of the Kalinga region,[23][24] it was ruled by the Vengi kingdom and the Pallava and Eastern Ganga dynasties during medieval times.[22] Archaeological records suggest that the present city was built around the 11th and 12th centuries C.E. by the Chola dynasty king Kulothunga I. Control over the city fluctuated between the Chola dynasty of Tamil Nadu and the Gajapati Kingdom of Odisha[23][24] until its conquest by the Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century.[22] European powers eventually set up trading interests in the city and Visakhapatnam came under French rule at the end of the 18th century.[23][24]
The city was ruled by the Andhra Kings of Vengi and Pallavas. The city is named after Sri Visakha Varma. Legend has it that Radha and Viśakha were born on the same day and were equally beautiful. Sri Visakka Sakhi is the second most important gopi of the eight main gopis. She carries messages between Radha and Krishna and is the most expert gopi messenger. Local residents believe that an Andhra king built a temple to pay homage to his family deity Viśakha.
Vizag appears like a basin, as it is bounded by Kailasa, Yarada and Narava hill ranges on north, south and west, respectively and east by Bay of Bengal. It has an undulating topography with a height of 4 to 50 m above MSL (excluding hills). Located on the shores of the Bay of Bengal, Vizag is surrounded by Eastern Ghat Range on 3 Sides the Home to many aboriginal tribes of india and location of Vizag has an exclusive charm of typical coastal climate mixed by the avid serenity of the Whispering Valleys.
Vizag have preserved its natural state unique natural nooks, and remarkable bio-diversity. Contemporary natural vegetation demonstrates considerable ecological diversity.
The district is witness to varied climatic conditions. The coastal regions are pleasantly humid and comfortable, further inland the air gets warmer while in the hill areas it is noticeably cooler on account of elevation and vegetation.
Visakhapatnam is one of the 100 fastest growing cities in the world,[109] which has a GDP of $43.5 billion. It is the 9th richest city in India. The usual seafood exporting capacity of the harbour is 115,000 tonnes (127,000 short tons)[110] and during the FY 2015, it topped seafood exports in terms of value among other ports.[111] Visakhapatnam Port and Gangavaram Port are the two ports of the city and the former one topped charts which handled 60,000,000 tonnes (66,000,000 short tons) of cargo during the financial year 2016–17.[112] The Hindustan Shipyard undertakes building and repairing of Naval fleet.
Information technology
The growth in the IT sector in the recent times boosting the local economy.[114] In 2016–17, the IT industry in Visakhapatnam witnessed an increase in its turnover which recorded as ₹54 billion (US$760 million) with more than 350 firms,[115] in contrast to 2013–14 figures of ₹1,450 crore (equivalent to ₹20 billion or US$280 million in 2019).[116] Sunrise Startup Village, an incubation centre[117] and Fintech Valley Vizag were established to promote the city as a global fintech capital in the Andhra Pradesh state.[118][119] Millennium IT Towers 1 is inaugurated by the then Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh N. Chandrababu Naidu on 15 February 2019 and Millennium IT Towers 2 is in pipeline to promote fintech investments in the city.[
Visakhapatnam district (formerly known as Vizagapatam district[5]) is one of the nine districts in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, headquartered at Visakhapatnam.[6]: 14 It is one of the nine coastal districts of the state, bounded by Odisha in the north, Vizianagaram district in the east, East Godavari district in the south-west and Bay of Bengal in the south.
As of 2011 census of India, Visakhapatnam had a population of 1,728,128, of which males were 873,599 and females were 854,529 – a sex ratio of 978 females per 1000 males. The population density was 18,480/km2 (47,900/sq mi). There were 164,129 children in the age group of 0–6 years, with 84,298 boys and 79,831 girls – a sex ratio was 947 girls per 1000 boys. The average literacy rate stood at 81.79% with a total of 1,279,137 literates, of which 688,678 were males and 590,459 were females.[49][50] It is ranked 122 in the list of fastest-growing cities in the world.[51] The total slum population covers 44.61% of the total population which implies 770,971 people reside in slums.[52]
The population crossed two million mark after expansion of the city limits and stands at 2,035,922.
| Religions in Visakhapatnam (2011) source: Visakhapatnam city Census 2011 data | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 92.32% | |||
| Islam | 3.85% | |||
| Christianity | 3.07% | |||
| Others | 0.76% | |||
Visakhapatnam is the headquarters of South Coast Railway zone of Indian railways. Visakhapatnam railway station is as an A1 station[151] with the highest gross revenue in the Waltair railway division.[152] It serves an average of 20,000–25,000 passengers daily and may rise up to 40,000 during festivals.[146] It has the country’s largest diesel locomotive shed with a capacity of 206.[153] Visakhapatnam Metro is a planned metro rail project.
The APSRTC operates city, district and inter-state bus services from Dwaraka bus station.[149] Over 600 city buses operate over 150 routes, in addition to Bus Rapid Transit System in two corridors of Pendurthi and Simhachalam.[144]: 21 A planned Integrated Bus Terminal Complex would be built at Maddilapalem.[150] Apart from buses, there are about 25,000 auto rickshaws plying on the city roads which provide intermediate public transport.
Visakhapatnam Airport had served a total of 2,815,205 passengers in 2018, an increase of 16.8% from the previous year. It handled a total of 23,264 aircraft during that year.
Visakhapatnam Port is one of 13 major ports in India and the only major port of Andhra Pradesh. It is India’s second-largest port by volume of cargo handled. It is located on the east coast of India and is located midway between the Chennai and Kolkata Ports. Cruise shipping is operational between Visakhapatnam and Andaman and Nicobar islands.
The market has everything from groceries to fresh vegetables and fruits, meats, puja items, wholesale plastic shops, cane mats and traditional knives and cooking implements made of stone. And that’s not all! Many boutiques shop for buttons, threads and fancy laces in these crooked, narrow lanes. A little weaver’s lane where one can find cane and bamboo weavers busy at work is also part of this market’s topography.
CMR Central is the most exclusive shopping mall and entertainment center located in Visakhapatnam. It spread over five floors on the land admeasuring about 3000 square feet. The mall has a fantastic range of national and multinational brands at affordable rates. The mall has outlets for major clothing and apparel brands, bowling alley, gaming, restaurants and a four-screen multiplex cinema. CMR Central has wheelchair access.
INOX – CMR Central Mall, Maddilappalem is a popular theatre located at CMR Central Mall, 9-1-47, 4th Floor, Ramatalkies Road, Near Canara Bank, Maddilapalem, East, Vizag. INOX – CMR Central Mall, Maddilappalem has 4 screens. Movies now showing at INOX – CMR Central Mall, Maddilappalem are Republic, Love Story, No Time To Die, No Time To Die and Idhe Maa Katha. Facilities available at INOX – CMR Central Mall, Maddilappalem are Parking Facility, Recliner Seats, Dolby Atmos and Food And Beverage.
VUDA Park is a popular tourist destination widely known for its beaches, museums, parks, caves and natural beauty. It has 55 acres of parks land and provides 2500 shady trees, various species of flower plants and attracts nature lovers in huge numbers. The park has a children’s park, boating and swimming facilities, horse and camel rides. VUDA Park has an open space for games and recreation. The park has the best place for jogging, skating and cycling.
Apollo Health City, Visakhapatnam, aims to bring health care of International standards within the reach of every individual. This new hospital is equipped with latest high-end equipment and cutting-edge technologies, dedicated and well trained human resources to provide satisfying healthcare experience. To achieve this objective, we have developed several Centres of Excellence in their respective specialties
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